Contains 1 accepted taxa overall.
Characteristics
Classification
Citation
AVICENNIA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 110. 1753.
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TYPE: Avicennia officinalis Linnaeus
Species
| Scientific Name | Common Name | Herbarium Specimens | Status | Photos |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avicennia germinans | BLACK MANGROVE | Native OBL (NWPL) OBL (DEP) |
Identification Key
1. (Key to native mangrove species) Bark of longitudinal strips somewhat interwoven; petiole with 2 glands near the apex; leaves alternate, the lower surface with domatia along the midrib; flowers densely aggregated into a globose head; petals absent; fruiting structure cone-like, a dense aggregate of scaly fruits
1. Bark various; petiole with or without glands; leaves opposite, without domatia (one species with pits near the margin); flowers individually apparent and spaced from one another; petals present; fruit solitary, not aggregated
2
2. Pneumatophores present (erect, aboveground, arising from subterranean roots below); bark of trunk becoming cracked with fissures forming smallish blocks; young stems and inflorescence grayish scurfy-pubescent; leaf blade upper surface often covered with salt crystals from excretions, the lower surface grayish scurfy-pubescent; corolla 4-lobed, white with yellow throat; fruit an asymmetric smooth (but hairy) capsule
2. Pneumatophores absent; bark of trunk smooth or becoming longitudinally striate; leaf blade without noticeable salt crystals or salt excretion very minute, the lower surface glabrate; corolla 4- or 5-merous; fruit symmetric and ribbed or with a protruding hypocotyl
3
3. Prop roots absent; bark of longitudinal strips; stipules absent; petiole with 2 glands near the apex; leaf blade with pits near the margin (likely for salt excretion); calyx 5-lobed, tubular, greenish; petals 5, minute; fruit greenish, compressed, roughly obovate, without a protruding hypocotyl while still attached to the tree
3. Prop roots present (root arising from trunk aboveground and descending into soil); bark mostly remaining smooth or becoming lightly cracked in age; interpetiolar stipules enclosing the developing leaf, deciduous; petiole lacking glands; leaf blade without pits; calyx 4-lobed, with spreading lobes (only slightly tubular at the base), yellowish; petals 4, conspicuous, villous; fruit brownish leathery-woody, with a green to reddish brown protruding and descending hypocotyl developing and becoming much longer than the fruit while still attached to the tree
Genus Synonyms
| Synonym | Full Citation | Basionym | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Halodendrum | Halodendrum Du Petit-Thouars, Gen. Nov. Madagasc. 8. 1806. | TYPE: Halodendrum thouarsii Roemer & Schultes | |
| Hilairanthus | Hilairanthus Tieghem, J. Bot. (Morot) 12: 358. 1898. | TYPE: Hilairanthus nitidus (Jacquin) Tieghem 1898. (Avicennia nitida Jacquin 1760.) Lectotypified by Cornejo, Harvard Pap. Bot. 25(2): 232. 2020. | |
| Horau | Horau Adanson, Fam. Pl. 2: 80, 585. 1763. | TYPE: Kaempfer, Amoen. Exot. Fasc. 257. 1712. | |
| Sceura | Sceura Forsskal, Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 37. 1775. | TYPE: Sceura marina Forsskal | |
| Upata | Upata Adanson, Fam. Pl. 2: 201. 1763. | TYPE: = Avicennia Linnaeus 1753. |