Contains 8 accepted taxa overall.
Characteristics
Classification
Citation
HELIOTROPIUM Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 130. 1753.
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TYPE: Heliotropium europaeum Linnaeus Lectotypified by Britton & A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 2. 3: 73. 1913.
Species
| Scientific Name | Common Name | Herbarium Specimens | Status | Photos |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heliotropium amplexicaule | CLASPING HELIOTROPE | Not Native | ||
| Heliotropium angiospermum | SCORPIONSTAIL | Native FACU (NWPL) | ||
| Heliotropium curassavicum | SEASIDE HELIOTROPE; SALT HELIOTROPE | Native OBL (NWPL) FAC (DEP) | ||
| Heliotropium europaeum | EUROPEAN HELIOTROPE | Not Native | ||
| Heliotropium gnaphalodes | SEA ROSEMARY; SEA LAVENDER | Native Rare-State FACU (NWPL) | ||
| Heliotropium indicum | INDIAN HELIOTROPE | Not Native FAC (NWPL) | ||
| Heliotropium laevigatum | NIGUITA | Not Native | ||
| Heliotropium verdcourtii | CHIGGERY GRAPES | Native Rare-State |
Identification Key
1. Woody shrubs or vines; fruit a fleshy drupe or drupaceous and corky
2
1. Herbs to subshrubs; fruit of dry nutlets, not drupaceous
4
2. Plant glabrate
2. Plant pubescent
3
3. Plant grayish or silvery-canescent; leaves sessile, linear-spatulate; fruit corky, yellowish to brownish
3. Plant green and hirsute to hispidulous; leaves petiolate, the blade lanceolate to ovate; fruit fleshy, white
4. Leaves glabrous, succulent
4. Leaves variously hairy, chartaceous
5
5. Leaves sessile
5. Leaves petiolate or the blade with an attenuate or decurrent base
6
6. Leaf base rounded to acute or cuneate
6. Leaf base attenuate or decurrent, rarely cuneate
7
7. Stem glabrate to hispidulous, hairs <1 mm long; leaves ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate; corolla 2.5-3.5 mm long
7. Stem hispid, some hairs >1 mm long; leaves ovate to broadly ovate; corolla 3.5-5 mm long
Genus Synonyms
| Synonym | Full Citation | Basionym | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Argusia | Argusia Boehmer, in Ludwig, Def. Gen. Pl., ed. 3. 507. 1760. | TYPE: Tournefortia sibirica Linnaeus 1753. | |
| Beruniella | Beruniella Zakirov & Nabiev, Opred. Rast. Srednei Azii 8: 169. 1986. | TYPE: Beruniella micrantha (Pallas) Zakirov & Nabiev 1986. (Onosma micranthos Pallas 1776.) | |
| Bourjotia | Bourjotia Pomel, Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 89. 1874. | TYPE: Bourjotia kralikii Pomel | |
| Bucanion | Bucanion Steven, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 24: 568. 1851. | TYPE: Bucanion szovitzii Steven | |
| Ceballosia | Ceballosia Kunkel ex Förther, Sendtnera 5: 129. 1998. | TYPE: Ceballosia fruticosa (Linnaeus f.) Kunkel ex Förther 1998. (Messerschmidia fruticosa Linnaeus f. 1782.) | |
| Cochranea | Cochranea Miers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4. 2: 124. 1868. | TYPE: Cochranea conferta Miers Lectotypified by I. M. Johnston, Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 25. 1928. | |
| Dialion | Dialion Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 89. 1838. | TYPE: Dialion undulatum Rafinesque, nom. illegit. (Heliotropium undulatum Vahl, nom. illegit.; Lithospermum hispidum Forsskal) | |
| Eliopia | Eliopia Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 90. 1838. | TYPE: = Tiaridium Lehmann 1818. | |
| Heliophytum | Heliophytum (Chamisso) Alph. de Candolle, in de Candolle, Prodr. 9: 551. 1845. | BASIONYM: Heliotropium Linnaeus, sect. Heliophytum Chamisso, Linnaea 4: 458. 1829. | TYPE: Heliophytum anchusaefolium (Poiret) Alph. de Candolle (Heliotropium anchusaefolium Poiret) Lectotypified by I. M. Johnston, Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 21. 1928. |
| Hieranthemum | Hieranthemum (Endlicher) Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 9: 31. 1840. | BASIONYM: Tiaridium Lehmann, sect. Hieranthemum Endlicher, Gen. Pl. 646. 1839. | TYPE: Tiaridium elongatum Lehmann Lectotypified by I. M. Johnston, Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 18. 1928. |
| Mallotonia | Mallotonia (Grisebach) Britton, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 2: 47. 1915. | BASIONYM: Tournefortia Linnaeus, sect. Mallotonia Grisebach, Fl. Brit. W.I. 483. 1862. | TYPE: Mallotonia gnaphalodes (Linnaeus) Britton 1915. (Heliotropium gnaphalodes Linnaeus 1759.) |
| Mallotonia | Mallotonia (Grisebach) Britton, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 2: 47. 1915. | BASIONYM: Tournefortia Linnaeus, sect. Mallotonia Grisebach, Fl. Brit. W.I. 483. 1862. | TYPE: Mallotonia gnaphalodes (Linnaeus) Britton (Heliotropium gnaphalodes Linnaeus) |
| Meladendron | Meladendron Molina, Sagg. Stor. Nat. Chili, ed. 2. 143. 1810. | TYPE: Meladendron chilense Molina | |
| Messerschmidia | Messerschmidia Hebenstreit, Novi Comment. Acad. Sci. Imp. Petrop. 8: 315. 1763. | TYPE: = Argusia Boehmer 1760. | |
| Nogalia | Nogalia Verdcourt, Kew Bull. 43: 432, f. 1. 1988. | TYPE: Nogalia drepanophylla (Baker) Verdcourt 1988. (Heliotropium drepanophyllum Baker 1894.) | |
| Peristima | Peristima Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 89. 1838. | TYPE: Peristima bicolor Rafinesque, nom. illegit. (Heliotropium bacciferum Forsskal) | |
| Piptoclaina | Piptoclaina G. Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 308, 364. 1837. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Pittonia | Pittonia Miller, Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4. 1754. | TYPE: = Tournefortia Linnaeus 1753. | |
| Schobera | Schobera Scopoli, Intr. Hist. Nat. 158. 1777. | TYPE: Schobera angiosperma (Murray) Britton (Heliotropium angiospermum Murray) | |
| Scorpianthes | Scorpianthes Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 89. 1838. | TYPE: Scorpianthes lineatum Rafinesque, nom. illegit. (Lithospermum heliotropioides Forsskal) | |
| Spilocarpus | Spilocarpus Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. 4(Misc.): 79. 1854. | TYPE: Spilocarpus gracilis Lemaire 1854. | |
| Synzistachium | Synzistachium Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 89. 1838. | TYPE: Synzistachium peruvianum Rafinesque, nom. illegit. (Heliotropium synzystachyum Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) | |
| Tetrandra | Tetrandra (Alph. de Candolle) Miquel, Fl. Ned. Ind. 2; 928. 1858. | BASIONYM: Tournefortia Linnaeus, sect. tetrandra Alph. de Candolle, in de Candolle, Prodr. 9: 527. 1845. | TYPE: Tetrandra zollingeri Miquel 1858. (Tournefortia tetrandra Blume 1826.) |
| Tiaridium | Tiaridium Lehmann, Pl. Asperif. Nucif. 1, 13. 1818. | TYPE: Tiaridium indicum (Linnaeus) Lehmann (Heliotropium indicum Linnaeus) Lectotypified by I. M. Johnston, Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 18. 1928. | |
| Valentina | Valentina Spegazzini, Nova Add. Fl. Patag. 2: 35. 1902; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 53: 77. 1902, non Valentinia Heister ex Fabricius 1763, nec Valentinia Swartz 1788, nec Valentina Hedwig 1806. | TYPE: Valentina patagonica Spegazzini = Valentinella Spegazzini 1903. | |
| Valentinella | Valentinella Spegazzini, Anales Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires, ser. 3. 2: 9. 1903. | TYPE: Valentinella patagonica (Spegazzini) Spegazzini (Valentina patagonica Spegazzini) Substitute name for Valentina Spegazzini 1902, non Valentinia Heister ex Fabricius 1763, nec Valentinia Swartz 1788, nec Valentina Hedwig 1806. |