Heliotropium

Contains 8 accepted taxa overall.

Characteristics
Heliotropium L.
BORAGINACEAE
HELIOTROPE
View USF Herbarium specimens of this family
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Classification
BORAGINALES
Heliotropium
Citation
HELIOTROPIUM Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 130. 1753.
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TYPE: Heliotropium europaeum Linnaeus Lectotypified by Britton & A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 2. 3: 73. 1913.
Species
Scientific Name Common Name Herbarium Specimens Status Photos
Heliotropium amplexicaule CLASPING HELIOTROPE Not Native
Heliotropium angiospermum SCORPIONSTAIL Native FACU (NWPL)
Heliotropium curassavicum SEASIDE HELIOTROPE; SALT HELIOTROPE Native OBL (NWPL) FAC (DEP)
Heliotropium europaeum EUROPEAN HELIOTROPE Not Native
Heliotropium gnaphalodes SEA ROSEMARY; SEA LAVENDER Native Endangered-State FACU (NWPL)
Heliotropium indicum INDIAN HELIOTROPE Not Native FAC (NWPL)
Heliotropium laevigatum NIGUITA Not Native
Heliotropium verdcourtii CHIGGERY GRAPES Native Endangered-State
[Family identification key]
1.  Woody shrubs or vines; fruit a fleshy drupe or drupaceous and corky
2
1.  Herbs to subshrubs; fruit of dry nutlets, not drupaceous
4
2.  Plant glabrate
H. laevigatum
2.  Plant pubescent
3
3.  Plant grayish or silvery-canescent; leaves sessile, linear-spatulate; fruit corky, yellowish to brownish
H. gnaphalodes
3.  Plant green and hirsute to hispidulous; leaves petiolate, the blade lanceolate to ovate; fruit fleshy, white
H. verdcourtii
4.  Leaves glabrous, succulent
H. curassavicum
4.  Leaves variously hairy, chartaceous
5
5.  Leaves sessile
H. amplexicaule
5.  Leaves petiolate or the blade with an attenuate or decurrent base
6
6.  Leaf base rounded to acute or cuneate
H. europaeum
6.  Leaf base attenuate or decurrent, rarely cuneate
7
7.  Stem glabrate to hispidulous, hairs <1 mm long; leaves ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate; corolla 2.5-3.5 mm long
H. angiospermum
7.  Stem hispid, some hairs >1 mm long; leaves ovate to broadly ovate; corolla 3.5-5 mm long
H. indicum
Genus Synonyms
Synonym Full Citation Basionym Type
Argusia Argusia Boehmer, in Ludwig, Def. Gen. Pl., ed. 3. 507. 1760. TYPE: Tournefortia sibirica Linnaeus 1753.
Beruniella Beruniella Zakirov & Nabiev, Opred. Rast. Srednei Azii 8: 169. 1986. TYPE: Beruniella micrantha (Pallas) Zakirov & Nabiev 1986. (Onosma micranthos Pallas 1776.)
Bourjotia Bourjotia Pomel, Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 89. 1874. TYPE: Bourjotia kralikii Pomel
Bucanion Bucanion Steven, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 24: 568. 1851. TYPE: Bucanion szovitzii Steven
Ceballosia Ceballosia Kunkel ex Förther, Sendtnera 5: 129. 1998. TYPE: Ceballosia fruticosa (Linnaeus f.) Kunkel ex Förther 1998. (Messerschmidia fruticosa Linnaeus f. 1782.)
Cochranea Cochranea Miers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4. 2: 124. 1868. TYPE: Cochranea conferta Miers Lectotypified by I. M. Johnston, Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 25. 1928.
Dialion Dialion Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 89. 1838. TYPE: Dialion undulatum Rafinesque, nom. illegit. (Heliotropium undulatum Vahl, nom. illegit.; Lithospermum hispidum Forsskal)
Eliopia Eliopia Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 90. 1838. TYPE: = Tiaridium Lehmann 1818.
Heliophytum Heliophytum (Chamisso) Alph. de Candolle, in de Candolle, Prodr. 9: 551. 1845. BASIONYM: Heliotropium Linnaeus, sect. Heliophytum Chamisso, Linnaea 4: 458. 1829. TYPE: Heliophytum anchusaefolium (Poiret) Alph. de Candolle (Heliotropium anchusaefolium Poiret) Lectotypified by I. M. Johnston, Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 21. 1928.
Hieranthemum Hieranthemum (Endlicher) Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 9: 31. 1840. BASIONYM: Tiaridium Lehmann, sect. Hieranthemum Endlicher, Gen. Pl. 646. 1839. TYPE: Tiaridium elongatum Lehmann Lectotypified by I. M. Johnston, Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 18. 1928.
Mallotonia Mallotonia (Grisebach) Britton, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 2: 47. 1915. BASIONYM: Tournefortia Linnaeus, sect. Mallotonia Grisebach, Fl. Brit. W.I. 483. 1862. TYPE: Mallotonia gnaphalodes (Linnaeus) Britton 1915. (Heliotropium gnaphalodes Linnaeus 1759.)
Mallotonia Mallotonia (Grisebach) Britton, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 2: 47. 1915. BASIONYM: Tournefortia Linnaeus, sect. Mallotonia Grisebach, Fl. Brit. W.I. 483. 1862. TYPE: Mallotonia gnaphalodes (Linnaeus) Britton (Heliotropium gnaphalodes Linnaeus)
Meladendron Meladendron Molina, Sagg. Stor. Nat. Chili, ed. 2. 143. 1810. TYPE: Meladendron chilense Molina
Messerschmidia Messerschmidia Hebenstreit, Novi Comment. Acad. Sci. Imp. Petrop. 8: 315. 1763. TYPE: = Argusia Boehmer 1760.
Nogalia Nogalia Verdcourt, Kew Bull. 43: 432, f. 1. 1988. TYPE: Nogalia drepanophylla (Baker) Verdcourt 1988. (Heliotropium drepanophyllum Baker 1894.)
Peristima Peristima Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 89. 1838. TYPE: Peristima bicolor Rafinesque, nom. illegit. (Heliotropium bacciferum Forsskal)
Piptoclaina Piptoclaina G. Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 308, 364. 1837. TYPE: Non designatus.
Pittonia Pittonia Miller, Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4. 1754. TYPE: = Tournefortia Linnaeus 1753.
Schobera Schobera Scopoli, Intr. Hist. Nat. 158. 1777. TYPE: Schobera angiosperma (Murray) Britton (Heliotropium angiospermum Murray)
Scorpianthes Scorpianthes Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 89. 1838. TYPE: Scorpianthes lineatum Rafinesque, nom. illegit. (Lithospermum heliotropioides Forsskal)
Spilocarpus Spilocarpus Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. 4(Misc.): 79. 1854. TYPE: Spilocarpus gracilis Lemaire 1854.
Synzistachium Synzistachium Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 89. 1838. TYPE: Synzistachium peruvianum Rafinesque, nom. illegit. (Heliotropium synzystachyum Ruiz Lopez & Pavon)
Tetrandra Tetrandra (Alph. de Candolle) Miquel, Fl. Ned. Ind. 2; 928. 1858. BASIONYM: Tournefortia Linnaeus, sect. tetrandra Alph. de Candolle, in de Candolle, Prodr. 9: 527. 1845. TYPE: Tetrandra zollingeri Miquel 1858. (Tournefortia tetrandra Blume 1826.)
Tiaridium Tiaridium Lehmann, Pl. Asperif. Nucif. 1, 13. 1818. TYPE: Tiaridium indicum (Linnaeus) Lehmann (Heliotropium indicum Linnaeus) Lectotypified by I. M. Johnston, Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 18. 1928.
Valentina Valentina Spegazzini, Nova Add. Fl. Patag. 2: 35. 1902; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 53: 77. 1902, non Valentinia Heister ex Fabricius 1763, nec Valentinia Swartz 1788, nec Valentina Hedwig 1806. TYPE: Valentina patagonica Spegazzini = Valentinella Spegazzini 1903.
Valentinella Valentinella Spegazzini, Anales Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires, ser. 3. 2: 9. 1903. TYPE: Valentinella patagonica (Spegazzini) Spegazzini (Valentina patagonica Spegazzini) Substitute name for Valentina Spegazzini 1902, non Valentinia Heister ex Fabricius 1763, nec Valentinia Swartz 1788, nec Valentina Hedwig 1806.