Contains 17 accepted taxa overall.
Characteristics
Classification
Citation
AGALINIS Rafinesque, New Fl. 2: 61. 1837 ("1836"), nom. cons. vs. Virgularia Ruiz Lopez & Pavon 1794, et vs. Chytra C. F. Gaertner 1807, et vs. Tomanthera Rafinesque 1837.
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TYPE: Agalinis palustris Rafinesque, nom. illegit., typ. cons. (Gerardia purpurea Linnaeus; Agalinis purpurea (Linnaeus) Pennell)
Species
| Scientific Name | Common Name | Herbarium Specimens | Status | Photos |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agalinis aphylla | SCALELEAF FALSE FOXGLOVE | Native FACW (NWPL) FACW (DEP) | ||
| Agalinis divaricata | PINELAND FALSE FOXGLOVE | Native FACU (NWPL) | ||
| Agalinis fasciculata | BEACH FALSE FOXGLOVE | Native FAC (NWPL) FACW (DEP) | ||
| Agalinis filicaulis | JACKSON FALSE FOXGLOVE | Native FAC (NWPL) | ||
| Agalinis filifolia | SEMINOLE FALSE FOXGLOVE | Native FACU (NWPL) | ||
| Agalinis flexicaulis | HAMPTON FALSE FOXGLOVE; SPRAWLING FALSE FOXGLOVE | Native | ||
| Agalinis georgiana | BOYNTON'S FALSE FOXGLOVE | Native Rare-State FAC (NWPL) | ||
| Agalinis harperi | HARPER'S FALSE FOXGLOVE | Native FAC (NWPL) | ||
| Agalinis laxa | TWOLINE FALSE FOXGLOVE | Native | ||
| Agalinis linifolia | FLAXLEAF FALSE FOXGLOVE | Native FACW (NWPL) OBL (DEP) | ||
| Agalinis maritima var. grandiflora | SALTMARSH FALSE FOXGLOVE | Native OBL (NWPL) OBL (DEP) | ||
| Agalinis obtusifolia | TENLOBE FALSE FOXGLOVE | Native OBL (NWPL) | ||
| Agalinis plukenetii | PLUKENET'S FALSE FOXGLOVE | Native | ||
| Agalinis pulchella | CHATTAHOOCHEE FALSE FOXGLOVE | Native FACW (NWPL) | ||
| Agalinis purpurea | PURPLE FALSE FOXGLOVE | Native FACW (NWPL) FACW (DEP) | ||
| Agalinis setacea | THREADLEAF FALSE FOXGLOVE | Native FAC (NWPL) | ||
| Agalinis tenuifolia | SLENDERLEAF FALSE FOXGLOVE | Native FACU (NWPL) |
Identification Key
1. Bracts longer than pedicels
2
1. Bracts shorter than to subequal to the pedicels
9
2. Leaf blades fleshy, with sessile dome-shaped hairs on the upper surface
3
2. Leaf blades not fleshy, scabridulous to scabrous on the upper surface
4
3. Perennial, with long thick roots; stems 70-160 cm long; pedicels 5-25 mm long; corolla 25-35 mm long, the lobes 6-14 mm long; styles 15-28 mm long
3. Annual, mostly with short weak roots; stems 5-75 cm long; pedicels 2.5-11 mm long; corolla 7.5-21 mm long, the lobes 2.5-6 mm long; styles 6-13 mm long
4. Pedicels 6–25 mm; upper lobes of corolla projected over distal anthers, throats glabrous within, across bases and sinus of upper lobes
4. Pedicels 0.5–8 mm; upper lobes of corolla spreading, erect, or reflexed-spreading, rarely projected distal to corolla mouth, throats villous within, across bases and sinus of upper lobes
5
5. Leaf blades filiform, 0.2–0.8 mm wide; calyx lobes deltate-subulate, 0.2–1 mm long; inflorescences racemiform, with pseudoterminal flowers
5. Leaf blades mostly linear, linear-filiform, linear-lanceolate, linear-elliptic, to elliptic, 0.4–5 mm wide; calyx lobes triangular, triangular-subulate, triangular-lanceolate, to lanceolate, 0.6–5 mm long; inflorescences racemes
6
6. Stems moderately to often copiously scabrous or scabridulous on faces and angles; axillary fascicles of leaves well developed, shorter than or equal to subtending leaves
7
6. Stems glabrous, glabrate, or scabridulous to sparsely scabrous; axillary fascicles of leaves absent or shorter than subtending leaves
8
7. Stems (10–)50–200 cm long; corollas 22–36 mm long, the lobes 5–12 mm long; leaf blades 15–40(–50) mm long; styles 14–22 mm long, strongly exserted
7. Stems 20–40(–50) cm long; corollas 12–14 mm, the lobes 3–5 mm long; leaf blades 10–15(–20) mm long; styles 4–7.7 mm long, included or slightly exserted
8. Branches ascending, slightly quadrangular-ridged distally; leaf blades linear to linear-filiform, 0.5–1.4 mm wide; calyx lobes triangular-subulate, keeled; seeds black
8. Branches ascending, spreading, or arching, quadrangular-ridged or winged distally; leaf blades narrowly linear, linear, to linear-lanceolate, 0.5–5 mm wide; calyx lobes triangular, lanceolate, or triangular-subulate, not keeled; seeds dark brown
9. Leaves slightly divergent or appressed to strongly ascending, blades subulate to narrowly triangular, 0.5–3 mm long
10
9. Leaves erect, erect-ascending, ascending, spreading-ascending, recurved, spreading, arching, or reflexed, rarely appressed or ascending-appressed, blades subulate, filiform, linear, linear-filiform, linear-spatulate, linear-elliptic, linear-lanceolate, elliptic, spatulate, or lanceolate, (1–)4–70 mm long
11
10. Branches stiffly ascending, quadrangular; inflorescences racemes, sometimes with 1–3 mm, floriferous axillary branches; pedicels 1–3(–4) mm; corolla throats pilose externally
10. Branches widely and laxly spreading, nearly terete; inflorescences paniculate with solitary flowers; pedicels 3–10(–12) mm; corolla throats glabrous externally
11. Lower corolla lobes pilose externally
12
11. Lower corolla lobes glabrous externally
15
12. Leaves alternate, blades fleshy, with axillary fascicles equal to or longer than subtending leaves
12. Leaves opposite, blades not fleshy, with axillary fascicles absent or shorter than subtending leaves
13
13. Leaf blades narrowly linear to linear-lanceolate; upper lobes of corolla projected over distal anthers, throats glabrous within, across bases and sinus of adaxial lobes; capsules globular; seeds tan to brown
13. Leaf blades filiform to narrowly linear; upper lobes of corolla recurved, reflexed, or reflexed-spreading, throats villous within, across bases and sinus of adaxial lobes; capsules elliptic-ovate or globular-ovoid; seeds black or yellowish tan
14
14. Inflorescences racemiform or racemose-paniculate, flowers 1 per node; capsules globular-ovoid
14. Inflorescences racemes, sometimes interrupted by short floriferous branches, flowers 2 per node; capsules elliptic-ovate
15. Axillary fascicles usually half or more the length of subtending leaves, sometimes absent; pedicels scabrous
15. Axillary fascicles absent or shorter than subtending leaves; pedicels glabrous or scabridulous
16
16. Corolla throats glabrous externally, sometimes pilose externally proximal to sinuses
16. Corolla throats pilose externally
17
17. Proximal branches arching upward, others spreading-ascending to laxly and widely spreading, subterete to quadrangular-ridged; leaves spreading to spreading-ascending; corolla pink to rose, without 2 yellow lines and sometimes with dark-pink spots in lower throat, (8–) 10–12 mm long; capsules obovoid-oblong
17. Branches stiffly arching-ascending to erect-ascending, quadrangular; leaves erect to erect-ascending; corolla pink, with 2 yellow lines and pink spots pale or absent in lower throat, 12–15 (–17) mm long; capsules globular to oblong
Genus Synonyms
| Synonym | Full Citation | Basionym | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anisantherina | Anisantherina Pennell ex Britton, Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 16: 106. 1920. | TYPE: Anisantherina hispidula (Martius) Pennell ex Britton (Gerardia hispidula Martius) | |
| Chytra | Chytra C. F. Gaertner, Suppl. Carp. 184. 1807, nom. rej. vs. Agalinis Rafinesque 1837. | TYPE: Chytra anomala C. F. Gaertner 1807. | |
| Otophylla | Otophylla (Bentham) Bentham, in de Candolle, Prodr. 10: 512. 1846. | BASIONYM: Gerardia Linnaeus, sect. Otophylla Bentham, in Hooker, Companion Bot. Mag. 1: 205. 1836. | TYPE: Otophylla michauxii Bentham, nom. illegit. (Gerardia auriculata Michaux; Otophylla auriculata (Michaux) Small) Lectotypified by Pennell, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia Monogr. 1: 415. 1935. |
| Tomanthera | Tomanthera Rafinesque, New Fl. 2: 65. 1837, nom. rej. vs. Agalinis Rafinesque 1837. | TYPE: Tomanthera lanceolata Rafinesque Lectotypified by D'Arcy, Taxon 28: 419-420. 1979. | |
| Virgularia | Virgularia Ruiz Lopez & Pavon, Fl. Peruv. Prodr. 92, t. 19. 1794, nom. rej. vs. Agalinis Rafinesque 1837. | TYPE: Virgularia lanceolata Ruiz Lopez & Pavon Lectotypified by D'Arcy, Taxon 28: 419-420. 1979. |