Contains 7 accepted taxa overall.
Characteristics
Classification
Citation
CIRSIUM Miller, Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4. 1754.
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TYPE: Cirsium heterophyllum (Linnaeus) Hill (Carduus heterophyllus Linnaeus) Lectotypified by Britton & A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 2. 3: 548. 1913.
Species
| Scientific Name | Common Name | Herbarium Specimens | Status | Photos |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cirsium altissimum | TALL THISTLE | Native | ||
| Cirsium horridulum | PURPLE THISTLE; HORRID THISTLE | Native FAC (NWPL) | ||
| Cirsium lecontei | LECONTE'S THISTLE | Native FACW (NWPL) FACW (DEP) | ||
| Cirsium muticum | SWAMP THISTLE | Native OBL (NWPL) OBL (DEP) | ||
| Cirsium nuttallii | NUTTALL'S THISTLE | Native FAC (NWPL) T (WAP) FACW (DEP) | ||
| Cirsium virginianum | VIRGINIA THISTLE | Native OBL (NWPL) | ||
| Cirsium vulgare | BULL THISTLE | Not Native FACU (NWPL) |
Identification Key
1. Stem armed with prickly, decurrent leaf bases; leaf blade upper surface covered with short, appressed bristles or prickles
1. Stem lacking prickly decurrent leaf bases or these inconspicuous; leaf blade upper surface usually lacking bristles or prickles
2
2. Heads directly subtended by a whorl of foliaceous prickly bracts
3
2. Heads not directly subtended by foliaceous bracts
5
3. Stems and involucres densely tomentose or arachnose
3. Stems and involucres glabrous to sparsely tomentose or arachnose
4
4. Leaves shallowly to deeply pinnatifid, main prickles 10-30 mm long
4. Leaves spinose-dentate to shallowly pinnatifid, main prickles mostly 5-10 mm long
5. Phyllary prickle 0-0.5 mm long
5. Phyllary spines 0.5-12 mm long
6
6. Leaf blade lower surface densely tomentose
7
6. Leaf blade lower surface arachnoid-villous, losely tomentose, to glabrate
8
7. Involucre (2)2.5-3.5(4) cm long; phyllaries without a glutinous ridge
7. Involucre 1.5-2.5 cm long; distal phyllaries with a medial glutinous ridge
8. Heads 1-5(10) per plant; involucre 2.5-4 cm long
8. Heads 5-40 per plant; involucre 1.5-2.5 cm long
Genus Synonyms
| Synonym | Full Citation | Basionym | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ancathia | Ancathia de Candolle, Arch. Bot. (Paris) 2: 331. 1833. | TYPE: Ancathia igniaria (Sprengel) de Candolle (Cirsium igniarium Sprengel) | |
| Breea | Breea Lessing, Syn. Gen. Compos. 9. 1832. | TYPE: Breea arvensis (Linnaeus) Lessing (Serratula arvensis Linnaeus) | |
| Clomium | Clomium Adanson, Fam. Pl. 2: 116, 540. 1763. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Echenais | Echenais Cassini, Bull. Soc. Sci. Philom. Paris 181: 33. 1818. | TYPE: Echenais carlinoides Cassini, nom. illegit. (Carlina echinus Marschall von Bieberstein) | |
| Epitrachys | Epitrachys (de Candolle ex Duby) K. Koch, Linnaea 24: 396. 1851. | BASIONYM: Cirsium Miller, sect. Epitrachys de Candolle ex Duby, Bot. Gall. 286. 1828. | TYPE: Non designatus. |
| Eriolepis | Eriolepis Cassini, in Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. 41: 331. 1825. | TYPE: Eriolepis lanigera Cassini, nom. illegit. (Carduus eriophorus Linnaeus) | |
| Erythrolaena | Erythrolaena Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. t. 134. 1825. | TYPE: Erythrolaena conspicua Sweet | |
| Ixine | Ixine Hill, Veg. Syst. 4; 17. 1762. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Lophiolepis | Lophiolepis (Cassini) Cassini, in Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. 27: 180. 1823. | BASIONYM: Cirsium Miller, subg. Lophiolepis Cassini, in Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. 25: 225. 1822. | TYPE: Lophiolepis calocephala Cassini, nom. illegit. (Carduus ciliatus Aiton) |
| Onotrophe | Onotrophe Cassini, in Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. 36: 145. 1825. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Orthocentron | Orthocentron (Cassini) Cassini, in Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. 35: 173. 1825. | BASIONYM: Cirsium Miller, subg. Orthocentron Cassini, in Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. 27: 184. 1823. | TYPE: Orthocentron glomeratum Cassini, nom. illegit. (Cnicus pungens Willdenow) |
| Spanioptilon | Spanioptilon Lessing, Syn. Gen. Compos. 10. 1832. | TYPE: Spanioptilon lineare (Thunberg) Lessing (Carduus linearis Thunberg) | |
| Tetralix | Tetralix Hill, Veg. Syst. 4: 18. 1762, non Zinn 1757 (nom. rej.), nec Grisebach 1866 (nom. cons.). | TYPE: Non designatus. |