Contains 11 accepted taxa overall.
Characteristics
Classification
Citation
SIDEROXYLON Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 192. 1753.
-
TYPE: Sideroxylon inerme Linnaeus Lectotypified by Baillon, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 908. 1891.
Species
| Scientific Name | Common Name | Herbarium Specimens | Status | Photos |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sideroxylon alachuense | SILVER BUCKTHORN; CLARK'S BUCKTHORN; SILVER BULLY | Native Rare-State | ||
| Sideroxylon celastrinum | SAFFRON PLUM | Native FAC (DEP) | ||
| Sideroxylon foetidissimum | FALSE MASTIC | Native | ||
| Sideroxylon lanuginosum | GUM BULLY | Native FACU (NWPL) | ||
| Sideroxylon lycioides | BUCKTHORN BULLY; GOPHERWOOD BUCKTHORN | Native Rare-State FAC (NWPL) FAC (DEP) | ||
| Sideroxylon reclinatum subsp. austrofloridense | FLORIDA BULLY | Native Rare-State Threatened-US FAC (NWPL) FAC (DEP) | ||
| Sideroxylon reclinatum subsp. reclinatum | FLORIDA BULLY | Native FAC (NWPL) FAC (DEP) | ||
| Sideroxylon rufohirtum | RUFOUS FLORIDA BULLY | Native FAC (DEP) | ||
| Sideroxylon salicifolium | WILLOW BUSTIC; WHITE BULLY | Native | ||
| Sideroxylon tenax | TOUGH BULLY | Native | ||
| Sideroxylon thornei | GEORGIA BULLY; THORNE'S BUCKTHORN | Native Rare-State |
Identification Key
1. Petiole (9-)15-40(-50) mm long (shorter on immature plants); leaf blade mostly 7-20 cm long, the margin often undulate; corolla lobes light yellow, lacking lateral segments; mature fruit 10-30 mm long, yellow to orange; seeds 15-20 mm long
1. Petiole 1-11(-14) mm long; leaf blade mostly 0.5-13 cm long, the margin usually plane; corolla lobes mostly white, with 2 lateral segments; mature fruit purple, 3-13 mm long; seeds 3-12 mm long
2
2. Mature stems lacking thorns and short shoots; leaf blades acute-acuminate towards the apex; inflorescence nodes often crowded with the inflorescences touching or overlapping or nearly so; ovary glabrous
2. Mature stems with thorns and/or short shoots, the short shoots sometimes with pseudowhorled leaves; leaf blades rounded to rounded-acute at the apex (or often acute-acuminate in S. lycioides); inflorescence nodes usually well-spaced with the inflorescences not touching or occasionally somewhat overlapping; ovary pubescent
3
3. Stem and leaves glaucous; leaf blade midvein often indistinct near the tip and branching or sinuous, reticulate venation sometimes obscure, the upper surface often with fine pellucid spicules
3. Stem and leaves not glaucous; leaf blade midvein mostly straight and distinct to the tip, reticulate venation generally apparent (unless obscured by pubescence), the upper surface without spicules
4
4. Leaf blade underside lustrous with dense pubescence, the green color of the blade surface not apparent
5
4. Leaf blade underside generally not lustrous, glabrous to moderately pubescent, the green color of the blade surface generally apparent
6
5. Young stems glabrate, the stem bark green to cream-white becoming light gray; mature leaf blade underside with appressed silvery white trichomes; pedicels 4-5 mm long; corolla tube 1-1.6 mm long, median lobe 1.2-1.6 mm long, lateral segments 1.5-2.1 mm long (from junction with adjacent lateral segment); filament 1.3-1.6 mm long
5. Young stems moderately to densely pubescent, the stem bark green to green-brown becoming dark brown, red-brown, purple, to purple-gray; mature leaf blade underside with red-brown to only slightly tawny to silvery white trichomes, some trichomes villous or ascending; pedicels 6-12 mm long; corolla tube 1.5-2 mm long, median lobe 1.4-2.2 mm long, lateral segments 2-2.5 mm long (from junction with adjacent lateral segment); filament 1.5-2.5 mm long
6. Leaf blades 1-3(-5) cm long
7
6. Leaf blades (3-)5-12 cm long
9
7. Mature shrub 1 m tall or less; young stems, petiole (often), pedicels, and sepals densely villous, strigose-villous, to strigose with red-brown hairs; fruit usually >1 cm long
7. Mature shrub or tree, taller than 1 m; young stems, petiole, pedicels, and sepals strigose to glabrate, occasionally sparsely villous, with whitish to tawny hairs; fruit usually <1 cm long
8
8. Leaf blade lower surface usually persistently pubescent, sometimes glabrate, epidermal cell outlines marked by a distinct impressed groove, surface reticulate-ornamented; sepals and ovary usually densely strigose, sometimes glabrate
8. Leaf blade lower surface glabrate, pubescent only along the midvein, epidermal cell outlines indistinct often, surface mostly smooth and irregularly undulating; sepals and ovary glabrate
9. Young stems strigose to glabrate; leaf blade with the tip acute-acuminate (rarely rounded), the lower surface glabrous or glabrate (hairs scattered along midribs); pedicels glabrous
9. Young stems villous to glabrate; leaf blade with the tip rounded to bluntly acute (rarely acute-acuminate), the lower surface hairy
10
10. Pedicels lanate or glabrous; inflorescence with (2-)6-25 flowers; pedicels villous to glabrate; sepals villous; stamens 2.5-2.8 mm long; styles 1-1.5 mm long
10. Pedicels glabrous or glabrate; inflorescence with 1-9 flowers; pedicels glabrate; sepals glabrous to villous; stamens 1-1.3 mm long; styles 0.8-1 mm long
Genus Synonyms
| Synonym | Full Citation | Basionym | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apterygia | Apterygia Baehni, Arch. Sci. 17: 79. 1964. | TYPE: Apterygia sartorum (Martius) Baehni (Bumelia sartorum Martius) | |
| Bumelia | Bumelia Swartz, Prodr. 3, 49. 1788, nom. cons. vs. Robertia Scopoli 1777, nom. cons. vs. Robertia Scopoli 1777. | TYPE: Bumelia retusa Swartz, typ. cons. | |
| Decateles | Decateles Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 35. 1838. | TYPE: Decateles lycioides (Linnaeus) Rafinesque (Sideroxylon lycioides Linnaeus) Lectotypified by T. D. Pennington, Gen. Sapot. 166. 1991. | |
| Dipholis | Dipholis Alph. de Candolle, in de Candolle, Prodr 8: 188. 1844, nom. cons. vs. Spondogona Rafinesque 1838. | TYPE: Dipholis salicifolia (Linnaeus) Alph. de Candolle (Achras salicifolia Linnaeus) | |
| Lyciodes | Lyciodes Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 406. 1891. | TYPE: = Bumelia Swartz 1788. | |
| Mastichodendron | Mastichodendron (Engler) H. J. Lam, Recueil Trav. Bot. Neerl. 36: 521. 1939. | BASIONYM: Sideroxylon Linnaeus, sect. Mastichodendron Engler, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 12: 518. 1890. | TYPE: Mastichodendron foetidissimum (Jacquin) H. J. Lam (Sideroxylon foetidissimum Jacquin) Lectotypified by Cronquist, Lloydia 9: 245. 1946. |
| Robertia | Robertia Scopoli, Intr. Hist. Nat. 154. 1777, nom. rej. vs. Bumelia Swartz 1788. | TYPE: Sideroxylon decandrum Linnaeus | |
| Sclerocladus | Sclerocladus Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 35. 1838. | TYPE: Sclerocladus tenax (Linnaeus) Rafinesque (Sideroxylon tenax Linnaeus) | |
| Sclerozus | Sclerozus Rafinesque, Autik. Bot. 73. 1840. | TYPE: Sclerozus tenax (Linnaeus) Rafinesque (Sideroxylon tenax Linnaeus) = Sclerocladus Rafinesque 1838. | |
| Spondogona | Spondogona Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 35. 1838, nom. rej. vs. Dipholis Alph. de Candolle 1844. | TYPE: Spondogona nitida Rafinesque, nom. illegit. (Bumelia pentagona Swartz) |