Contains 12 accepted taxa overall.
Characteristics
Classification
Citation
FICUS Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1059. 1753.
-
TYPE: Ficus carica Linnaeus Lectotypified by Britton, Fl. Bermuda 101. 1918.
Species
| Scientific Name | Common Name | Herbarium Specimens | Status | Photos |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ficus altissima | COUNCIL TREE | Not Native Y | ||
| Ficus americana | WEST INDIAN LAUREL FIG | Not Native | ||
| Ficus aurea | STRANGLER FIG; GOLDEN FIG | Native FAC (NWPL) FAC (DEP) | ||
| Ficus benghalensis | BANYAN TREE | Not Native | ||
| Ficus benjamina | WEEPING FIG | Not Native | ||
| Ficus carica | COMMON FIG | Not Native UPL (NWPL) | ||
| Ficus citrifolia | WILD BANYAN TREE | Native FACU (NWPL) | ||
| Ficus krishnae | KRISHNA FIG | Not Native | ||
| Ficus microcarpa | INDIAN LAUREL | Not Native UPL (NWPL) Y | ||
| Ficus natalensis subsp. leprieurii | Not Native | |||
| Ficus pumila | CLIMBING FIG | Not Native | ||
| Ficus religiosa | BO TREE; SACRED FIG | Not Native |
Identification Key
1. Climbing or trailing vine; leaf blades dimorphic, those of sterile climbing stems closely spaced and 2-4 cm long and becoming larger with those of fertile stems 4-10 cm long, the lower surface finely reticulate with prominent venation
1. Erect shrub or tree, sometimes starting out epiphytic; leaves monomorphic, the reticulate veins not prominent or only scarcely so
2
2. Leaf blades palmately 3- to 5-lobed, the surfaces scabrous-pubescent, often with some margins coarsely undulate to coarsely dentate
2. Leaf blades unlobed (occasionally lobate or compound in F. benghalensis var. krishnae), entire and glabrous to finely pubescent
3
3. Leaf blade apex long caudate or long acuminate, the tip 1/2 or more as long as the blade body
3. Leaf blade apex rounded, obtuse, to acute or if acuminate or caudate the tip less than a 1/4 as long as the blade body
4
4. Leaf blade obdeltoid to obovate, the midrib abruptly terminating and/or branching near the distal 1/4th of the blade
4. Leaf blade ovate to elliptic, the midrib extending to the apex or terminating past the distal 1/4th of the blade
5
5. Leaf blades usually 8-30 cm long and 5-20 cm wide, appearing strongly 3-5-(7-)nerved at the base or just above the base, the dominant basal lateral veins nearly as pronounced as the midrib and prominent on the lower leaf surface (leaf blade also with an outer pair of less conspicuous lateral veins that border the blade margin)
6
5. Leaf blades usually 3-18 cm long and 1.5-8 cm wide, not appearing strongly 3-nerved at the base, the basal lateral veins weak and not prominent, or if the blade appearing strongly trinerved with prominent basal lateral veins then the blades mostly <8 cm long and <5 cm wide
7
6. Leaf blades usually with 1 pair of pronounced and prominent basal lateral veins, the apex with a small blunt acumen
6. Leaf blade usually with 2 pronounced and prominent basal lateral veins, the apex usually obtuse or rarely with an acumen
7. Petiole usually >1/4 the length of the blade on mature leaves; leaf blade base usually broadly rounded, truncate, to cordate, or sometimes acute; peduncle 5-15 mm long
7. Petiole usually <1/4 the length of the blade; leaf blade base usually cuneate to broadly acute; synconium sessile or the peduncle to 5 mm long
8
8. Lateral veins scarcely pronounced or apparent, even when dry (except for the basal pair which is sometimes apparent)
8. Lateral veins pronounced or apparent, especially on the lower surface when dry
9
9. Petiole usually 1.5-6 cm long; larger leaf blades usually 7.5-18 cm long, 3.5-10 cm wide
9. Petiole 0.3-1.5 cm long; larger leaf blades usually 2-9.5 cm long, 1-4.5 cm wide
10
10. Leaf blade usually without pronounced basal lateral veins; synconium pedunclate, the peduncle 2-5 mm long
10. Leaf blade usually with a somewhat pronounced pair of basal lateral veins that extend as the marginal vein; synconium sessile
Genus Synonyms
| Synonym | Full Citation | Basionym | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Caprificus | Caprificus Gasparrini, Nova Gen. Fici 6. 1844. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Covellia | Covellia Gasparrini, Nova Gen. Fici 10. 1844. | TYPE: Covellia ulmifolia (Lamarck) Gasparrini (Ficus ulmifolia Lamarck) | |
| Cystogyne | Cystogyne Gasparrini, Nova Gen. Fici 9. 1844. | TYPE: Cystogyne leucosticta Gasparrini, nom. illegit. (Ficus leucosticta Sprengel, nom. illegit.; Ficus leucantatoma Poiret) | |
| Erythrogyne | Erythrogyne Visiani ex Gasparrini, Ric. Caprifico 85. 1845. | TYPE: Erythrogyne lutescens (Desfontaines) Visiani ex Gasparrini (Ficus lutescens Desfontaines) | |
| Galoglychia | Galoglychia Gasparrini, Nova Gen. Fici 10. 1844. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Gonosuke | Gonosuke Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 58. 1838. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Macrophthalma | Macrophthalma Gasparrini, Ric. Caprifico 83. 1845. | TYPE: Macrophthalma elastica (Roxburgh ex Hornemann) Gasparrini (Ficus elastica Roxburgh ex Hornemann) Substitute name for Visiania Gasparrini 1844, non Alph. de Candolle Mar 1844. | |
| Mastosuke | Mastosuke Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 59. 1838. | TYPE: Mastosuke rubiginosa Rafinesque, nom. illegit. (Ficus australis Willdenow) | |
| Necalistis | Necalistis Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 58. 1838. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Oluntos | Oluntos Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 58. 1838. | TYPE: Oluntos trigona (Linnaeus f.) Rafinesque (Ficus trigona Linnaeus f.) | |
| Perula | Perula Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 58. 1838, non Schreber 1791. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Pharmacosycea | Pharmacosycea Miquel, London J. Bot. 6: 525. 1847. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Plagiostigma | Plagiostigma Zuccarini, Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Koenigl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 4(1): 154. 1846, non C. Presl 1845. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Pogonotrophe | Pogonotrophe Miquel, London J. Bot. 6: 525. 1847. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Rephesis | Rephesis Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 59. 1838. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Sycomorphe | Sycomorphe Miquel, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., ser. 3. 1: 35. 1844. | TYPE: Sycomorphe roxburghii Miquel, nom. illegit. (Ficus oppositifolia Roxburgh) | |
| Sycomorus | Sycomorus Gasparrini, Ric. Caprifico 85. 1845. | TYPE: Ficus sycomorus Linnaeus | |
| Synoecia | Synoecia Miquel, London J. Bot. 7: 469. 1848. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Tenorea | Tenorea Gasparrini, Nova Gen. Fici 6. 1844, non Rafinesque 1814, nec Tenoria Sprengel 1813. | TYPE: Tenorea heterophylla Gasparrini, nom. illegit. (Ficus stipulata Thunberg) | |
| Tremotis | Tremotis Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 59. 1838. | TYPE: Tremotis cordata Rafinesque, nom. illegit. (Ficus auriculata Loureiro) | |
| Urostigma | Urostigma Gasparrini, Nova Gen. Fici 7. 1844. | TYPE: = Mastosuke Rafinesque 1838. | |
| Varinga | Varinga Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 58. 1838. | TYPE: Varinga repens Rafinesque, nom. illegit. (Ficus pumila Linnaeus) | |
| Visiania | Visiania Gasparrini, Nova Gen. Fici 9. 1844, non Alph. de Candolle Mar 1844. | TYPE: Visiania elastica (Roxburgh ex Hornemann) Gasparrini (Ficus elastica Roxburgh ex Hornemann) = Macrophthalma Gasparrini 1845. |