Contains 8 accepted taxa overall.
Characteristics
Aristolochia is a monophyletic genus of ca. 500 species (Ohi-Toma et al. 2006; González et al. 2014; Ohi-Toma & Murata 2016; Wanke et al. 2017).
Classification
Citation
ARISTOLOCHIA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 960. 1753.
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TYPE: Aristolochia rotunda Linnaeus Lectotypified by Britton & A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 2. 1: 645. 1913.
Species
| Scientific Name | Common Name | Herbarium Specimens | Status | Photos |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aristolochia elegans | ELEGANT DUTCHMAN'S-PIPE; CALICO FLOWER | Not Native Y | ||
| Aristolochia fimbriata | WHITE VEINED HARDY DUTCHMAN'S PIPE; WHITE VEINED PIPEVINE | Not Native | ||
| Aristolochia labiata | MOTTLED DUTCHMAN'S-PIPE | Not Native | ||
| Aristolochia maxima | DUTCHMAN'S-PIPE | Not Native | ||
| Aristolochia pentandra | MARSH'S DUTCHMAN'S-PIPE | Native Endangered-State | ||
| Aristolochia ringens | GAPING DUTCHMAN'S-PIPE | Not Native | ||
| Aristolochia serpentaria | VIRGINIA SNAKEROOT | Native FACU (NWPL) | ||
| Aristolochia tomentosa | WOOLLY DUTCHMAN'S-PIPE; PIPEVINE | Native Endangered-State FAC (NWPL) |
[Family identification key]
1. Erect to decumbent herb; inflorescence at the plant base, below the leaves
1. Prostrate to climbing vine; inflorescence not at the plant base
2
2. Leaf blade oblong to spatulate; inflorescence of several flowers
2. Leaf blade cordate-ovate to cordate-reniform; flowers solitary
3
3. Stem tomentose; leaf blade underside tomentose with prominent primary veins and conspicuous fine reticulate venation
3. Stem glabrous to puberulent; leaf blade underside glabrous to puberulent with flat to scarcely prominent primary veins and obscure to conspicuous coarse reticulate venation
4
4. Pseudostipules absent; leaf blades usually broadly lobed at the base, the inner pair of primary basal veins straight or nearly so (with side branches); calyx tube dilated at base (the calyx is the prominent floral tissue; the corolla is absent); calyx limb expanded on only 1 side; stamens 5
4. Pseudostipules present or absent; leaf blades unlobed or scarcely lobed at the base, the inner pair of primary basal veins mostly sinuous, bent, or bifurcating; calyx tube dilated near the middle (the calyx is the prominent floral tissue; the corolla is absent); calyx limb expanded on all sides; stamens 6
5
5. Fresh leaf blade upperside with white veins, surfaces bordering the veins sometimes also white; calyx with prominent fimbriate projections on the margin
5. Fresh leaf blade upperside with green or whitish veins; calyx without fimbria
6
6. Leaf blades generally triangular in the distal half, the basal sinus at a broad to nearly right angle to the midrib; calyx limb 1-lobed
6. Leaf blades generally rounded, the basal sinus at a narrow angle to nearly parallel with the midrib; calyx limb 2-lobed
7
7. Upper calyx lobe suborbicular, narrowly clawed, pendent, deflected, ruffled
7. Upper calyx lobe ovate-spatulate, broadly clawed, erect, not deflected, not ruffled
Genus Synonyms
| Synonym | Full Citation | Basionym | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ambuya | Ambuya Rafinesque, Fl. Tellur. 4: 98. 1838 ("1836"). | TYPE: Ambuya labiosa (Ker Gawler) Rafinesque (Aristolochia labiosa Ker Gawler) = Dictyanthes Rafinesque 1832. | |
| Dasyphonion | Dasyphonion Rafinesque, First Cat. Bot. Gard. Transylv. Univ. 13. 1824. | TYPE: Dasyphonion tomentosum (Sims) Rafinesque (Aristolochia tomentosa Sims) | |
| Dictyanthes | Dictyanthes Rafinesque, in Loudon, Gard. Mag. 8: 247. 1832. | TYPE: Dictyanthes labiosa (Ker Gawler) Rafinesque (Aristolochia labiosa Ker Gawler) | |
| Diglosselis | Diglosselis Rafinesque, Fl. Tellur. 4: 98. 1838 ("1836"). | TYPE: Diglosselis trinervis Rafinesque, nom. illegit. (Aristolochia bilabiata Linnaeus) Lectotypified by Pfeifer, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 53: 122. 1966 | |
| Einomeia | Einomeia Rafinesque, Med. Fl. 1: 62. 1828. | TYPE: Einomeia bracteata Rafinesque, nom. illegit. (Aristolochia pentandra Linnaeus) | |
| Endodeca | Endodeca Rafinesque, Med. Fl. 1: 62. 1828. | TYPE: Endodeca hastata (Nuttall) Rafinesque (Aristolochia hastata Nuttall) Lectotypified by Pfeifer, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 53: 122. 1966. | |
| Glossula | Glossula (Rafinesque) Reichenbach, Handb. Nat. Pfl.-Syst. 173. 1837, non Lindley 1825. | BASIONYM: Aristolochia Linnaeus, subg. Glossula Rafinesque, Med. Fl. 1: 62. 1828. | TYPE: = Aristolochia Linnaeus 1753. |
| Guaco | Guaco Liebman, Förh. Skand. Naturf. Möte 4: 203. 1847. | TYPE: Guaco mexicana Liebmann | |
| Hexaplectris | Hexaplectris Rafinesque, Fl. Tellur. 4: 97. 1838 ("1836"). | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Hocquartia | Hocquartia Dumortier, Comment. Bot. 30. 1822. | TYPE: Hocquartia macrophylla (Lamarck) Dumortier (Aristolochia macrophylla Lamarck) | |
| Howardia | Howardia Klotzsch, Monatsber. Koenigl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 584, 607. 1860, non Weddell 1854. | TYPE: Howardia ringens (Vahl) Klotzsch (Aristolochia ringens Vahl) Lectotypified by Pfeifer, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 53: 122. 1966 | |
| Isiphia | Isiphia Rafinesque, Med. Fl. 2: 232. 1830. | TYPE: Isiphia glabra (Rafinesque) Rafinesque, nom. illegit. (Siphisia glabra Rafinesque, nom. illegit.; Aristolochia sipho L'Heritier de Brutelle) = Siphisia Rafinesque 1828; = Isotrema Rafinesque 1819. | |
| Isotrema | Isotrema Rafinesque, Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev. 4: 195. 1819. | TYPE: Isotrema sipho (L'Heritier de Brutelle) Rafinesque (Aristolochia sipho L'Heritier de Brutelle) | |
| Pistolochia | Pistolochia Rafinesque, Fl. Tellur. 4: 98. 1838 ("1836"), non Bernhardi 1800. | TYPE: Pistolochia serpentaria (Linnaeus) Rafinesque (Aristolochia serpentaria (Linnaeus) | |
| Plagistra | Plagistra Rafinesque, Fl. Tellur. 4: 98. 1838 ("1836"). | TYPE: Plagistra cretica (Lamarck) Rafinesque (Aristolochia cretica Lamarck) | |
| Psophiza | Psophiza Rafinesque, Fl. Tellur. 4: 99. 1838 ("1836"). | TYPE: Psophiza undulata Rafinesque | |
| Pteriphis | Pteriphis Rafinesque, Fl. Tellur. 4: 99. 1838 ("1836"). | TYPE: Pteriphis tripteris (Rafinesque) Rafinesque (Aristolochia tripteris Rafinesque) | |
| Siphisia | Siphisia Rafinesque, Med. Fl. 1: 62. 1828. | TYPE: Siphisia glabra Rafinesque, nom. illegit. (Aristolochia sipho L'Heritier de Brutelle) = Isotrema Rafinesque 1819. | |
| Tropexa | Tropexa Rafinesque, Fl. Tellur. 4: 98. 1838 ("1836"). | TYPE: Tropexa biloba Rafinesque, nom. illegit. (Aristolochia bilobata Linnaeus) |