Contains 8 accepted taxa overall.
Characteristics
Recent work has recognized the segregate genera Atocion, Eudianthe, Heliosperma, Lychnis, and Viscaria (Frajman et al. 2009, 2013; Hernández-Ledesma et al. 2015).
Classification
Citation
SILENE Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 416. 1753, nom. cons. vs. Lychnis Linnaeus 1753.
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TYPE: Silene anglica Linnaeus Lectotypified by Britton & A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 2. 2: 62. 1913.
Species
| Scientific Name | Common Name | Herbarium Specimens | Status | Photos |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Silene antirrhina | SLEEPY CATCHFLY | Native | ||
| Silene caroliniana | CAROLINA CATCHFLY | Native Endangered-State | ||
| Silene catesbaei | EASTERN FRINGED CATCHFLY; FRINGED PINK | Native Endangered-State Endangered-US | ||
| Silene gallica | COMMON CATCHFLY | Not Native | ||
| Silene latifolia | BLADDER CAMPION | Not Native | ||
| Silene noctiflora | NIGHTFLOWERING CATCHFLY | Not Native | ||
| Silene regia | ROYAL CATCHFLY | Native Endangered-State | ||
| Silene virginica | FIRE PINK | Native Endangered-State |
[Family identification key]
1. Calyx 5-9 mm long
2
1. Calyx 10-30 mm long
3
2. Calyx glabrous; seeds dull gray-black
2. Calyx pilose; seeds dark reddish brown
3. Petals bright red
4
3. Petals white, pink, to purplish
5
4. Stem leafy, with 10 or more nodes of large leaves below the inflorescence; petals apex entire to notched ca. 1 mm long or less
4. Stem subscapose, with 2-4 nodes of reduced leaves below the inflorescence; petal apex 2-fid, the sinus >1 mm long
5. Petal apices copiously lacerate
5. Petal apices entire to 2-lobed
6
6. Flowers unisexual; calyx lobes (4)5; styles (4)5
6. Flowers bisexual; calyx lobes 6(8); styles 3(4)
7
7. Plant to 20 cm tall; flowers diurnal; calyx 15-22 mm long, the lobes 1-3 mm long and obtuse
7. Plant to 80 cm tall; flowers mostly nocturnal; calyx 12-15 mm long, the lobes 5-10 mm long and subulate
Genus Synonyms
| Synonym | Full Citation | Basionym | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alifiola | Alifiola Rafinesque, Autik. Bot. 24. 1840 | TYPE: Alifiola dichotoma Rafinesque 1840. Typified by Pennell, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 48: 92. 1921. | |
| Anotites | Anotites Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 97. 1905. | TYPE: Anotites menziesii (Hooker) Greene 1905. (Silene menziesii Hooker 1830.) Typified by Lidén et al., Nordic J. Bot. 20: 516. 2001. | |
| Behen | Behen Moench, Methodus 709. 1794. | TYPE: Behen vulgaris Moench (Cucubalus behen Linnaeus) = Oberna Adanson 1763, by lectotypification. | |
| Behenantha | Behenantha (Otth) Schur, Verh. Naturf. Vereins Bruenn 15(2): 130. 1877. | BASIONYM: Unknown. | TYPE: = Oberna Adanson 1763. |
| Carpophora | Carpophora Klotzsch, in Klotzsch & Garcke, Bot. Ergebn. Reise Waldemar 139, pl. 32. 1862. | TYPE: Carpophora hoffmeisteri Klotzsch | |
| Charesia | Charesia E. A. Busch, Trudy Bot. Muz. 19: 182. 1926. | TYPE: Charesia akinfijewii (Schmalhausen) E. A. Busch 1926. (Silene akinfijewii Schmalhausen 1892.) | |
| Corone | Corone (Hoffmannsegg ex Reichenbach) Fourreau, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, ser. 2. 16: 344. 1868. | BASIONYM: Silene Linnaeus, (unranked) Corone Hoffmannsegg ex Reichenbach, Fl. Germ. Excurs. 812. 1832. | TYPE: Non designatus. |
| Cucubalus | Cucubalus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 414. 1753. | TYPE: Cucubalus baccifer Linnaeus 1753. Typified by Pfeiffer, Nomencl. Bot. 937. 1874-1875. | |
| Ebraxis | Ebraxis Rafinesque, Autik. Bot. 29. 1840. | TYPE: Ebraxis virgata Rafinesque 1840, nom. illegit. (Silene antirrhina Linnaeus 1753.) | |
| Elisanthe | Elisanthe (Fenzl ex Endlicher) Reichenbach, Deut. Bot. Herb.-Buch 206. 1841. | BASIONYM: Saponaria Linnaeus, sect. Elisanthe Fenzl ex Endlicher, Gen. Pl. 972. 1840. | TYPE: Elisanthe noctiflora (Linnaeus) Ruprecht 1869. (Silene noctiflora Linnaeus 1753.) Typified by Pfeiffer, Nomencl. Bot. 1186. 1874-1875. |
| Evactoma | Evactoma Rafinesque, Autik. Bot. 23. 1840. | TYPE: Evactoma stellata (Linnaeus) Rafinesque 1840. (Cucubalus stellatus Linnaeus 1753.) | |
| Gastrocalyx | Gastrocalyx Schischkin, Izv. Kavkazsk. Muz. 12: 200. 1919, non Gardner 1838. | TYPE: Gastrocalyx ampullatus (Boissier) Schischkin 1919. (Silene ampullata Boissier 1843.) = Schischkiniella Steenis 1967. | |
| Gastrollychnis | Gastrolychnis (Fenzl) Reichenbach, Deut. Bot. Herb.-Buch 206. 1841. | BASIONYM: Lychnis Linnaeus, (unranked) Gastrolychnis Fenzl, in Endlicher, Gen. Pl. 974. 1840. | TYPE: Gastrolychnis apetala (Linnaeus) Tolmatchew & Kozhanchikov 1971. (Lychnis apetala Linnaeus 1753.) Lectotypified by Chowdhuri, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 237. 1957. |
| Kaleria | Kaleria Adanson, Fam. Pl. 2: 506, 530. 1763. | TYPE: = Silene Linnaeus 1753. | |
| Leptosilene | Leptosilene Fourreau, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, ser. 2. 16: 344. 1868. | TYPE: Leptosilene inaperta (Linnaeus) Fourreau 1868. (Silene inaperta Linnaeus 1753.) | |
| Liponeurum | Liponeurum Schott et al., Analect. Bot. 55. 1854. | TYPE: Viscaria alpina G. Don 1831. | |
| Melandrium | Melandrium Röhling, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 2. 2: 37, 274. 1812. | TYPE: Melandrium sylvestre (Schkuhr) Röhling 1812. (Lychnis dioica Linnaeus, var. sylvestris Schkuhr 1791.) Typified by Rabeler, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 161. 1993. | |
| Muscipula | Muscipula Fourreau, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, ser. 2. 16: 344. 1868. | TYPE: Muscipula australis Fourreau 1868. (Silene muscipula Linnaeus 1753.) | |
| Oberna | Oberna Adanson, Fam. Pl. 2: 255, 583. 1763. | TYPE: Oberna behen (Linnaeus) Kionnikov (Cucubalus behen Linnaeus) Lectotypified by Ikonnikov, Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 13: 119. 1976. | |
| Oncerum | Oncerum Dulac, Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 255. 1867. | TYPE: = Silene Linnaeus 1753. | |
| Otites | Otites Adanson, Fam. Pl. 2: 255, 586. 1763. | TYPE: Otites cuneifolius Rafinesque (Cucubalus otites Linnaeus) | |
| Petrocoma | Petrocoma Ruprecht, Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Betersbourg, ser. 7. 15(2): 200. 1869. | TYPE: Petrocoma hoefftiana (Fischer & C. A. Meyer) Ruprecht (Silene hoefftiana Fischer & C. A. Meyer) | |
| Petrosilene | Petrosilene Fourreau, Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, ser. 2. 16: 344. 1868. | TYPE: Petrosilene saxifraga (Linnaeus) Fourreau 1868. (Silene saxifraga Linnaeus 1753.) | |
| Physocarpon | Physocarpon Necker ex Rafinesque, Autik. Bot. 27. 1840, non Physocarpum (de Candolle) Berchtold & J. Presl 1823. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Physolychnis | Physolychnis (Bentham) Ruprecht, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, ser. 7. 14(4): 41. 1869. | BASIONYM: Lychnis Linnaeus, sec. Physolychnis Bentham, in Royle, Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. 80. 1834. | TYPE: Physolychnis apetala (Linnaeus) Ruprecht 1869. (Lychnis apetala Linnaeus 1753.) Lectotypified by Bocquet, Phan. Monogr. 1: 7. 1969. = Gastrolychnis (Fenzl) Reichenbach 1841, by lectotypification. |
| Pleconax | Pleconax Rafinesque, Autik. Bot. 24. 1840. | TYPE: Pleconax striata Rafinesque 1840, nom. illegit. (Silene conica Linnaeus 1753. | |
| Polyschemone | Polyschemone Schott et al., Analect. Bot. 55. 1854. | TYPE: Polyschemone nivalis (Kitaibel ex Schultes) Schott et al. 1854. (Lychnis nivalis Kitaibel ex Schultes 1814.) | |
| Schischkiniella | Schischkiniella Steenis, Blumea 15: 145. 1967. | TYPE: Schischkiniella ampullata (Boissier) Steenis 1967. (Silene ampullata Boissier 1843.) Substitute name for Gastrocalyx Schischkin 1919, non Gardner 1838. | |
| Scribaea | Scribaea Borkhausen, Rhein. Mag. Erweit. Naturk. 1: 590. 1793. | TYPE: Scribaea cucubalus Borkhausen 1793, nom. illegit. (Cucubalus baccifer Linnaeus 1753.) = Cucubalus Linnaeus 1753. | |
| Silenanthe | Silenanthe Grisebach ex Grisebach & Schenk, Arch. Naturgesch. 18(1): 300. 1852. | TYPE: Silenanthe sawadzkii (Herbich) Grisebach & Schenk 1852. (Silene zawadzkii Herbich 1835.) | |
| Silenopsis | Silenopsis Willkomm, Bot. Zeitung 5: 237. 1847. | TYPE: Silenopsis lagascae Willkomm 1847. | |
| Viscago | Viscago Zinn, Cat. Pl. Hort. Gott. 188. 1757. | TYPE: = Silene Linnaeus 1753. | |
| Wahlbergella | Wahlbergella Fries, Bot. Not. 1843: 143. 1843. | TYPE: = Gastrolychnis (Fenzl) Reichenbach 1841. | |
| Xamilensis | Xamilensis Rafinesque, Autik. Bot. 24. 1840. | TYPE: Xamilensis acaulis (Linnaeus) Rafinesque 1840. (Cucubalus acaulis Linnaeus 1753.) |